The second section of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) sixth assessment report was recently released. Climate change risks, impacts, and adaptation, as well as vulnerability options, are discussed in the report’s second section.
The physical science of climate change in 2021, which is the first half of this paper. It has previously been warned that 1.5 degrees Celsius warming was likely to occur before 2040. The report’s third and final section, which will look into ways to reduce emissions, is set to be released in April 2022. Let’s learn more about it below.
IPCC Report 2022 UPSC
Over 3.5 billion people, or nearly half of the world’s population, live in climate-vulnerable areas, according to the UN.
Indian Scenario: According to the report, India is one of the most susceptible hotspots, with multiple areas and major cities at high risk of climate disasters like flooding, sea-level rise, and heatwaves. Mumbai, for example, is at risk of flooding and sea-level rise, while Ahmedabad is at risk of severe heat waves.
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Climate Change 2022
Multiple disasters produced by climate change are projected to develop in different parts of the world in the next two decades, according to the latest assessment.
Complex, compound, and cascading risks: Various climate hazards will occur at the same time, as will multiple climatic and non-climatic dangers, increasing overall risk and risks cascading across sectors and geographies.
Near-Long-Term Risks: Even if sufficient efforts are made to keep global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius over pre-industrial levels. Even temporarily exceeding this amount of warming will have significant and immerse consequences and impacts, some of which will be irreversible.
Change’s scale and velocity, as well as the threats it poses, are heavily reliant on near-term mitigation and adaptation measures. With each degree of global warming, the projected negative effects, as well as corresponding costs and damages, increase.
Intergovernmental Panel
It is the worldwide body in charge of evaluating change science.
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) established it in 1988 to offer policymakers periodical evaluations of the scientific basis for its impacts and future risks, change, as well as adaptation and mitigation strategies.
IPCC assessments provide a scientific foundation for governments at all levels to develop climate-related policies, and they underpin UN Climate Conference – UN Framework Convention on Climate Change – talks (UNFCCC).
Health Impacts
Change has been proven to be spreading vector-borne and water-borne diseases including malaria and dengue fever, particularly in Asia’s sub-tropical regions. It further stated that when the temperature rises, deaths from respiratory, diabetic, cardiovascular, and infectious diseases, as well as newborn mortality, are predicted to rise.
Extreme weather phenomena such as flooding, heatwaves, and drought, as well as air pollution, have become more common, contributing to malnutrition, allergy diseases, and even mental disorders.
There has been progress in adaptation planning and execution across all sectors and areas, resulting in many advantages. However, with observed adaptation gaps, adaption progress is unevenly distributed. Many projects place a high priority on reducing immediate and near-term climate risk, which limits the scope for transformational adaptation.
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Adaptation
Adaptation is necessary to limit harm, but it must be combined with aggressive reductions in greenhouse gas emissions if it is to be effective because the effectiveness of many adaptation methods decreases as the world warms.
To overcome establish resilience, adaptation restrictions, decrease climate risk to bearable levels, ensure inclusive, equitable, and just development, and achieve societal goals without leaving anyone behind, alterations in most sectors of society are required, in addition to technological and economic improvements.
IPCC 6th assessment Report UPSC
The Assessment Reports, the first of which was published in 1990, are the most thorough assessments of the state of the planet’s condition. The IPCC publishes assessment reports every few years (about every seven years). Hundreds of scientists comb through every piece of relevant, public scientific data to come up with a consensus understanding of climate change.
In 1995, 2001, 2007, and 2015, the four consecutive assessment reports, each hundred pages long, were released. These have served as the foundation for the international and global response to climate change.
5th Assessment
Each assessment report has expanded on the previous one’s work overtime, adding more evidence, information, and data. As a result, most of the conclusions about change and its effects now have significantly more clarity, certainty, and new data than they did previously.
These discussions resulted in the Paris Agreement, as well as the Kyoto Protocol before that. Based on the Fifth Assessment Report, the Paris Agreement was negotiated.
Three Working Groups
Three working groups of scientists produced the Assessment Reports.
#Working Group I is responsible for the scientific foundations of climate change.
#Working Group II examines the potential vulnerabilities, consequences, and adaptive challenges.
#Working Group III is concerned with possible responses to climate change.
Conclusion
Simply reading these notes carefully and relying solely on the study resources indicated above can assist you in preparing for the UPSC exam. You must make these instructions a regular practice to learn the essential information, recall important facts, and create expected replies on exam day.
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